Hostilities in Iran and Lebanon have caused harm to civilians and generated humanitarian consequences in the region. This has also led to elevated protection risks, including refugee returns to Afghanistan and Syria in difficult circumstances. The situation remains uncertain, despite a reduction in large-scale military activity due to diplomatic efforts.

The region was already fragile, with many people displaced or having recently returned to their homes. Further details on the situation are available from the UNHCR Middle East Situation report, which provides an update on the regional context and its humanitarian implications.