Refugees and asylum seekers from various countries have been registered with the UN Refugee Agency. As of July 2024, the total number registered is 191,710. The majority, 88 percent, are from Myanmar, including 110,365 Rohingya and 58,423 individuals from other ethnic groups.

The remaining individuals are from 50 countries, totaling 22,922. These refugees face numerous challenges, including limited access to work, education, and social protection. Despite allowing them to remain in the country on humanitarian grounds, there is no formal refugee policy in place.

Further details on the well-being and labor market outcomes of these refugees are available from the HARMONY Survey, released in September 2026.