Aid distribution has traditionally followed a top-down approach, with resources flowing from donors to recipients. This model has been in place since the nineteenth century, with international organisations playing a key role. The system has historically prioritised accountability to donors and governments over accountability to affected communities.

The concept of localisation has been discussed and reexamined in recent years. Efforts to reimagine localisation have led to a shift in language, with terms like "equitable partnership" and "systems" becoming more prominent. Further details on the development of this system and the evolution of localisation are available from ReliefWeb.